Oil or gas burner



OIL OR GAS BURNER Filed OCT.. 14,

Patented Nov. 18., 1924.

UNITED STATES ALFRED G. SCHUMANN, 0F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

OIL 0R GAS BURNER.

Application led October 14, 1922. Serial No. 594,509.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALFRED G. SGHUMANN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Cil or Gas Burners, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to oil or gas burners and of the class which isparticularly adapted for use in connection with open hearth, melting,and other metallurgical furnaces which are adapted for the burning of agreat variety of fuels, such as coke-oven gas, producer gas, tar and thelike in connection with heated air under pressure or super-heated steamemployed to atomize and spray said fuels.

The objects of the inventionare as follows First, to construct a burnerof the character indicated which consists of a minimum number of partsof simple construction and low cost of manufacture, capable of beingeasily assembled or taken apart for inspection and making repairs orrenewal of parts.

Second, Ito so construct and arrange the cooperating parts of the burnerin which the steam or air used to atomize the fuel is made to passthrough an orifice of Venturi-shape, so that when said air or steam isat the highest velocity and its most contracted state at the throat ofsaid orifice, the fuel is drawn in by said steam or air and immediatelyexpanded, thereby causing a thorough intermingling and atomization ofthe fuel and consequently the maximum production of heat from a givenquantity of said fuel.

Third, to so construct and arrange the cooperating parts of the nozzleof the burner, so that the steam 0r air passing over the point ofadmission of the fuel in said nozzle will produce a partial vacuum, andowing to the high velocity of said steam or`air at said point ofadmission, a most effective suction or drawing in of the fuel 1saccomplished, thereby efficiently assisting in the complete at'omizationof the fuel and thorough and uniform mixture of the fuel with the air orsteam. l

Fourth, to so construct and arrange the coacting elements of the nozzleofthe burner, so that although the steam or air passing through theburner meets and acts on the fuel at a high velocity, said steam or airat no part of the present invention.

roundin no time exerts a back pressure against the iiow of the fuel intoor during its progresss through the burner,v but on the -contrary tendsto efficiently 'draw said fuel into the burner nozzle and at all timesassist the atomization of the fuel and passage of the p issuing from theburner capable of produc-v ing a flame of constant andfuniformtemperature of v high degree throughout any desired confined space.

Fifth, other objects and advantages of the invention will manifestthemselves from the construction and arrangements of parts and theirmanner of cooperation whichv will be hereinafter more fully and clearlydisclosed. y

The invention consists of structural characteristics and relativearrangements of elements which will be hereinafter more fullydescribed-and particularly pointed out in the appended clalms.

In the drawings in which similarreference characters indicate the sameparts in the several figures:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the improved burner.

Figure 2 vis a side elevation of the inner fuel tube and nozzle, orburner with the outer casing removed.

Figure 3 is a view n elevation of the frfit end of the nozzle shown inFigure 2, an

'Figure 4 is a section on line IV-IV of Fi re 2.

eferring to the drawings 10 is the outer casing provided with a centralybore 11 and a supply opening 12 through which superheated steam orheated air is supplied under pressure into said bore 11v by means of thepipe 13 leading from any suitable'o source of supply, not shown, andformin Sai casing 10 is preferably provided at its ends with anunthreaded front opening 14 surthefnozzle of the burner and a threadereai ening 15, as shown.

Within said casing and seated in its bore 11 is provided a hollow fuelnozzle 16 having a longitudinally extending central bore 17, and closedat its outer or spraying end with an imperforate ti t other or innervend of sai nozzle 16 is formed with an externally threaded enlargedsecor plug 181 Thetion 19 engaging and adapted to seal the threadedopening 15 of the casing, as willL adapted to engage the threaded end21` of .the fuel pipe 22 suitably connected to any suitable source offuel supply, not shown, and said nipple 2O may be formed with anon-circular periphery or flattened sides 23, see Figure 2, in orderthat it may be firmly gripped by a wrench or vise to quickly assemblethe parts of the burner, or easily uncouple or withdraw the nozzle 16from its enclosing casing 10. i

The nozzle 16 at its atomizing or spraying end is formed with an annularenlargement 24 of such a. diameter Ias to snugly fit within the outersection or Unthreaded end 14 of the bore 11 and seal said atomizing endof the burner with the exception as to ports to be presently describedwhich connect the annular chamber formed between the inner cylindricalwall or bore 11 of,4 the casing 10 and the nozzle 16, with `the exterioratmosphere.

On the outer annular surface of the enlargement 24 are arranged a seriesof `radially arranged longitudinally extending discharge ports formedwith communicating outwardly,flaring front portions 25, and inwardlyflaring rear portions 26, and said v flaring portions 25 and 26 of eachport are so constructed and arranged as to have their constricted, smallor throat ends 27 contiguous and at the same point. The inwardly flaringrear portion 26 of each port is preferably arranged on a circle oflarger radius than theI outwardly flaring front portions 25 and hencefarther removed from the axis of the nozzle 16, so that at the sectionof the ports where the constricted or throat ends 27 of the inwardlaring rearA portions 26 and outwardly flaring front portions 25 joineach other a step or depression 28 is formed, as clearly shown in Figure1, and the bottoms of the outwardly flaring front portions 25 are on acircle of a smaller radius than the bottoms of the inwardly Haring rearportions 25 `for purposes to be presently described.

29, 29 are preferably radially arranged passageways or openings whichconnect the bore 17 of the nozzle 16 with each of the outwardly Haringfront portions 24 of thev discharge ports at the stepped or depressedend 28 or the constricted or throat ends 27,

`as clearly shown in Figures k1 and 2, and

- to this exact form and arran ement.

The parts of the burner being constructed and arranged as hereindisclosed, the operation is as follows:

The Fheated airI under pressure on the superheated steam being admittedby means of the pipe 13 into the annular chamber within the casing 10and surrounding the nozzle 16, andy the fuel entering into the bore`17of the nozzle 16 through the fuel supply pipe 22, said fuel passesthrough the opening or passageways 29, 29, into' the smaller orconstricted ends of. the several outwardly flaring front portions 25 ofthe,

tions 26 and expands with accompanying increasing velocity through theoutwardly flaring front portions 25 and in'so'doing not only acts as amost effective suction medium to draw the fuel through the openings orvpassageways 29, 29,y into the front portions 25, but at the same timeefficiently and completely atomizes the fuel and thoroughly anduniformly intermingles said fuel with the air or steam during thepassagel of the fuel through the outwardly flaring portions 25,l

and into the atmosphere without in any way causing back pressure to beexerted against the flowl of the fuel into the burner or during its Howor passage through any part of nu l ferred form, many-other arrangementswithin the scope of the claims will readily suggest themselves withoutin any way departing from the essential or material elements of thepresent burner.

yWhat I claim is :f-

1. An oil or gas burner including a hol low nozzle havin a plurality oflongitudi nally extending 'schargetports with communicatingoutwardlyflaring front and inwardly Haring rear portions, and said nozzle havingapertures at the contiguous or con; s tricted vends and entirelyl withinthe outwardly flaring front portions of the discharge ports andestablishing communicaytion between the interior and fuel supply of theburners. v

2 An oil or gas burner including a, nozzle having' a central bore? and alurality of superficial longitudinally exten ing discharge ports withcommunicating outwardly fiarmg front and inwardly flaring rear portlons'and having openings at thecontiguous or constricted ends and entirelywithin the I outwardly larin front portions of the discharge ports an."connecting. the borewith the outwardly flaring front portions of theinner con'stricted ends of said outwardly `flaring front portions of thedischarge ports.

3. An oil or gas burner including a nozzle having a central bore and aplurality of separated and radially arranged superiicial longitudinallyextending discharge ports with communicating' outwardly flaring frontand inwardly flaring near portions and having openings at the contiguousor constricted ends and entirely within the outwardly flaring frontport-ions of the discharge ports and connecting the bore with theoutwardly flaring front portion at the constricted ends of saidoutwardly flaring front portions of the ports.

4. An oil or gas burner including a nozzle having a central bore and aplurality of circular-ly and radially arranged superficiallongitudinally extending discharge ports with communicating outwardlyflaring front and inwardly flaring rear portions arranged on a largerradius than said outwardly flaring front portions and having openings atthe contiguous or constricted ends and entirely within the outwardlyflaring front portions of the discharge ports and connecting the borewith the outwardly flaring front portion at the constricted ends of saidoutwardly flaring portions of the ports.

5. An oil or gas burner comprising a hollow casing provided with asupply opening, a fuel supply pipe, a nozzle within said casing having acentral bore connected with said fuel supply pipe and provided with aplurality of superficial longitudinally extending` discharge ports withcommunicating outwardly flaring front and inwardly flaring rearportions, said inwardly flaring rear portions being 1n communicationwith said supply opening and the outwardly flaring front portions beingin communication with the fuel supply pipe at the inner constricted endsand solely and entirely within said outwardly flaring front portions ofthe ports.

6. An oil or gas burner comprising a hollow casing provided with asupply opening,

a fuel supply pipe, a nozzle within said casing having a central boreconnected with said fuel supply pipe and provided with a plurality ofsuperficial longitudinally extending discharge ports with communicatingoutwardly flaring front and inwardly flaring rear portions, saidinwardly flaring rear portions being in communication with said supplyopening and the outwardly flaring front portions being depressed towardsthe axis of the burner and in communication with the fuel supply pipe atthe inner constricted ends and solely and entirely within said outwardlyflaring front portions of the ports.

7. An oil or gas burner comprising a hollow casing provided with asupply opening, a fuel supply pipe, a nozzle within said casing havingacentral bore connected with said fuel supply pipe, and said nozzleprovided with a plurality of circularly and radially superficiallongitudinally extending discharge ports with collimunicatingy outwardlyflaring front and inwardly flaring rear portions, said inwardly flaringrear portions being in communication with said supply opening and theoutwardly flaring front portions being stepped and in communication withthe fuel supply pipe at the inner constricted ends es throats of andsolely and entirely within said outwardly flaring front portions of theports.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ALFRED G. SCHUMANN.

